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''Café au lait'' spots or ''café au lait'' macules are flat, pigmented birthmarks. The name ''café au lait'' is French for "coffee with milk" and refers to their light-brown color. They are also called "giraffe spots" or "coast of Maine spots".〔(coast of Maine spots - General Practice Notebook )〕 They are caused by a collection of pigmented-producing melanocytes in the epidermis of the skin.〔 These spots are typically permanent, and may grow or increase in number over time. Café au lait spots are often harmless, but may be associated with syndromes such as Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and McCune-Albright syndrome.〔 ==Etiology== Café au lait spots can arise from diverse and unrelated causes:〔("Cafe Au Lait Spots", by William D James, MD )〕〔(Cafe Au Lait Spots )〕 * Having six or more café au lait spots greater than 5 mm in diameter before puberty, or greater than 15 mm in diameter after puberty, is a diagnostic feature of neurofibromatosis type I, but other features are required to diagnose NF-1.〔 * Familial multiple café au lait spots have been observed without NF-1 diagnosis. * They can be caused by vitiligo in the rare McCune–Albright syndrome. * Legius syndrome * Tuberous sclerosis * Fanconi anemia, a rare genetic disease. * Idiopathic * Ataxia telangiectasia * Basal cell nevus syndrome * Benign congenital skin lesion * Bloom syndrome * Chediak Higashi syndrome * Congenital naevus * Gaucher disease * Hunter syndrome * Maffucci syndrome * Multiple mucosal neuroma syndrome * Noonan syndrome * Pulmonary Stenosis * Silver–Russell syndrome * Watson syndrome * Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Café au lait spot」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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